Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Antiphospholipid syndrome or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS or APLS or), often similarly Hughes syndrome, is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by antibodies against cell-membrane phospholipids that provokes blood choke offs (thrombosis) in both arteries and veins as well as pregnancy-related complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm delivery, or severe preeclampsia. The syndrome elapses due to the autoimmune production of antibodies against  cardiolipin (anti-cardiolipin antibodies) and ?2 glycoprotein I. The term primary antiphospholipid syndrome is used when APS occurs in the absence of any new(prenominal) related disease. APS however also occurs in the context of other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in which case the term secondary antiphospholipid syndrome is used. In rarified cases, APS leads to rapid organ failure due to generalize thrombosis; this is termed catastrophic antiphos pholipid syndrome (CAPS) and is associated with a high risk of death. In APS patients, the closely universal venous incident is deep vein thrombosis of the light extremities (blood clot of the deep veins of the legs) and the most common arterial event is stroke. In pregnant women affected by APS, miscarriage  empennage occur prior to 20 week of gestation, while  pre-eclampsia is inform to occur after that time.

The antiphospholipid syndrome responsible for most of the miscarriages in afterward trimesters seen in concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy. Risk Factors: ? primordial APS ? inherited marker HLA-DR7 ? ! Secondary APS ? SLE or other autoimmune dis identifys ? Genetic markers: HLA-B8, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3 ? Race: Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and Native Americans Diagnosis: Antiphospholipid syndrome is tried and square(a) for in the laboratory using both liquid full stop coagulation assays (lupus anticoagulant) and solid phase ELISA assays (anti-cardiolipin antibodies). Genetic thrombophilia is denominate of the differential diagnosis...If you want to get a full essay, roam it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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