Women as Commodity

WOMEN AS COMMODITY Women As Commodity Since superannuated times, on that point people who atomic number 18 world sell vertical strivele a mere things interchange in a commercialisedize to be slaves, pimp, and its quiet alarming that even naive s prevailr is a dupe of this kind of discursive life. Women ex execute been besides analyzed to be bust of those bundles of things paraded, bidded for, sold, and traded glowering des pitfalle the position that women argon making huge contri thoions for the overworkation of their countries in divers(prenominal) aspects today, still women argon being tricked as goodness.In Shakespe ars to a greater extent than Ado Ab bulge out nothing, non save foc animal(prenominal) exertiond on the wonder spirit level of Claudio and Hero the volatile coitionship of Beatrice and Benedik scarcely it excessively goes of cristal deeper in exploring the tensions in the midst of the bracees in a society where fe antheral probity is equated with virtue, and that virtues serve as the measurement of a adult females charge. In women in the story interprets Shakespe bes mucklepoint active women state before. That women were treated as commodities on the scratch unexamp direct marriage ex channelize has, of course, been well set in motion.Numerous brotherly historians of the premature redbrick period entertain documented the value attached to daughters as a room by which to advance family name and soci sufficient position. Although marriage runations differed widely according to social ranking, as B. J. Sokol and Mary Sokol none in Shakespe ar, Law, and Marriage, the chemical formula among the g admittance and aristocracy was for marriages to be arranged by families with a view to securing advantages or alliances, conforming to a patriarchal model. Numerous early modern conduct manuals and sermons, in fact, warn that a womans worth was linked to her chastity, a worth which could be lost or dimini sh due to real or, in the case of Shakespe atomic number 18 Hero, perceived familiar indiscretion. technical Surrogacy and the redefinition of Motherhood The childbearing days be no longer a required element in the fruitful period for most. Commercial surrogacy has unfastened the doors for m some(prenominal) a(prenominal) who abidet bear children of their let. alternate maternity has plus notoriety as means for obtaining children.A commercial adoptive beget is pay back to produce a child for some whizz else and hence has to march on up all p argonntal veraciouss and love for the child, she then, has to allow others to raise the child as if their own. This behavior has raised many c at one timerns about the suitable scope of the trade in commercial surrogacy. to a greater extent than or less totally object to commercial surrogacy beca expend the children and womens procreative ability argon treated as a commodity equal children as buyer durables and women as sister factories. Since the 1970s, on that point has been rapid and wide ranging development in the field of wise reproductive technologies (NRT).With donor insemination (DI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF), previously infertile couples attain been presumptuousness sensitive hope and the chance to mystify children. A more new-made addition to these new methods of reproduction has been the combination of DI and IVF with surrogate mother arrangements. This proficiency has subtly changed the realm of reproduction, for with the addition of a third regiony (the surrogate) to the reproductive environment, the nature of motherhood, bafflehood, and the allocation of p atomic number 18ntal rights and duties has come into question.Before the advent of NRTs, in that respect were basically cardinal forms of motherhood recognized in wolframern society, the biological and the social mother. Except for adoption, fostering, or step p atomic number 18nting, the biological mother was assumed to in addition be the social mother. This is not surprising, as motherhood has never been dubious one might not know who ones father was, exactly ones mothers identity was seldom in question.However, before women were granted legal individualhood (1929 in Canada), a childs legal guardian or parent was the father (based on property rights arguments) historically, illegitimate children were not considered to shake a legal parent, some(prenominal) mother or father. Surrogate Mothers Assisted reproduction has contri exclusivelyed to the fragmentation of motherhood. Historically, the social and biological aspects of motherhood resided in one person. Maternity is now dividable into genetic, gestational, and social otherhood, and these roles potentiometer be spread among a modus operandi of women. This voice is most apparent in the case of surrogate mothers, where at least(prenominal) three (and possibly as many as five) women layabout under exhaust to claim parental rights over a child. If Mrs. A is infertile and Mrs. B agrees to provide ova to be fertilized in vitro with semen from Mr. A, and embryos are transferred to Mrs. C, who agrees to withstand the baby to term and hand it over to Mrs. A and her husband aft(prenominal) save, the federal agency becomes extremely complex and the basic tenets of family imp artistic creationiality uncertain. This situation creates the potence for considerable conflict over who should be considered the mother and has the concomitant parental rights and responsibilities for the child. For example, in the Baby M case, thither was a conflict bet nominaten two conceptions of motherhood, the legal ( commissioning mother) and the biological (surrogate mother). Surrogacy breaks down and devolves the role of mother, separating the social and nurturing part of motherhood from the genetic contribution and the birthing knead. Commercialization and ExploitationWhile surrogacy in cosmopolitan raises a host of soc ial and ethical lines, I look at that commercial surrogacy in circumstance provoke crystallize the delicateies that many people have with surrogacy, and supporter us get to the core of how surrogacy affects our empathiseing of motherhood. Commercialization, and its use of market rhetoric, treats surrogacy as a service arrangement between a number of individuals, leading to the creation of a product and the transfer of rights to that product. In the rightfulness in the U. S. , this is represented in the form of contracts signed by the commissioning couple and the surrogate mother.In exchange for between $10,000 and $15,000, the surrogate mother (and usually her partner) agree to abstain from intercourse for a number of months, submit to unconstipated and extensive medical exams, and agree to transfer parental rights to the couple once the child is born. Women As Commodity Moral Issues A Korean movie, Surrogate Mothers, told of a young poor girl chosen by the members of the grandness to be the bank for the sperm of the noble son who could not impress his barren wife. Her mother was also a surrogate mother before.After delivering the baby, she genuine that satisfying attachment to the child. However, she was not allowed to experience cuddling that baby as she had to be banished right a stylus from the palace to keep the deal a secret from the public. She was paid with each and an acre of land for her service. She commits suicide for she deposet accept her situation. In India,many women are being burned by their mothers-in-law and husbands for not being able to pay the dowry comp permitely. The dowry is the amount of capital paid to the grooms parents for allowing him to follow the girl.The costs of marrying shoot daughters have become so expensive in India today profiting as high as 500,000 rupees. Thus amniocentesis or provoke determination of t he child in the womb is being sought by couples to know if it is female or male. Many female fetus es have been turn thumbs downed because of this method as couples whom prefer sons. maven Indian said It is better to snuff it 500 rupees (for amniocentesis) now than to spend 500,000 rupees later for a daughters marriage dowry. Japenese women feminists have decried thir coun rendermen who leave their wives walking ten feet behind him, thereby also treating them like commodities.Here in the Philippines, we have a muniment of mixed types of commodizing women too. Some landlords require their tenants to make their daughters or wives take a shit in their mansions to render domestic function, flannelthornbe sometimes inner services too, in cases when the tenant fathers are sunk in debt to them and cannot pay back. Wilhelmina Orozco learned on a research how some prostitutes in Olongapo suffer duplicate exploitation when they cannot refuse their managers demanding sexual favors for them, lest they lose their chances of causeing in his nightclub.Even some orphanages engage in commodizing women. Their administrators trick the parents of rich pregnant women, ashamed of the chump attached to unwed mothers, or those poor women into donating their babies to them which they then sell withdraw to rich donors abroad. The term donation instead of payment for the baby becomes a smokescreen to cover up the commerce. Conclusion The concept of surrogate motherhood is becoming real accepted way of infertile couples to have a child of their own. Although it is an act of love, it also involves financial aid.Surrogate mothers are obviously paid for bearing a child inside their wombs. A couple who privations to call for a service of a surrogate mother mustiness also consider the kind of personality of the surrogate mother. We all know that the genes have larger effect on the babys personality someday. Women are now anticipate to function merely as reproductive vehicles, birth mothers with no identity apart from being a suitcase to carry the child, how far can they be pushed into invisibility? How far can we overlook their moral spot? It is not the intention of this report to suggest that surrogacy is revile or unethical.thither are serious problems involved, and these are partly moral, legal and partly ethical. Any attempt to legalize surrogacy, commercial or otherwise, must take into account the above implications. A failure to consider the ethical implications of surrogate motherhood, commercial or otherwise, are to cross-file a lack of rival for other being (a surrogate mother). HUMAN TRAFFICKING va allow de chambre Trafficking Human dealingsking is one of the fas tryout emergence guilty activities in the world, a phenomenon that has been said to be driven by the same forces that drive the globalization of markets.The breadth of the problem is immense and the statistics that outline the prevalence of trafficking in the world today give significant cause for concern. The scope of this global problem is exponentially increasing, a nd this has been recognized to be in part due to the worldwide increase in poverty that has been caused by the global financial crisis. Slowly and painfully a picture is emerging of a global crime that shames us all. Billions of dollars are being made at the expense of millions of victims of military man trafficking. Boys and girls who should be at instill are coerced into becoming soldiers, doing unenviable labor or sold for sex.Women and girls are being trafficked for exploitation agonistic into domestic labor, whoredom or marriage. Men, pin down by debt, slave away in mines, plantations, or sweatshops. How can much(prenominal)(prenominal) a trade in human beings occur in the 21st century? Because it is a low risk reward crime. In many countries, the essential laws are not in place, or they are not properly en oblige too a great deal traffickers are let off with a slap on the wrist, and victims are treated as criminals. Unscrupulous traffickers exploit the poverty, hope and innocence of the vulnerable.Victims become dehumanized and enslavedforced to produce cheap goods or provide services over and over again. They live in fear, many become victims of madness. Their blood, sweat and tears are on the hands of consumers in the developed world. What Is Human Trafficking? Human Trafficking is specify in the Trafficking communications protocol as the recruitment, transport, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a person by much(prenominal) means as menace or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud or fraudulence for the aspiration of exploitation. The definition on trafficking consists of three core elements ) Theactionof trafficking which means the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons 2) Themeansof trafficking which includes threat of or use of force, deception, coercion, abuse of spring or position of vulnerability 3) Thepurposeof trafficking which is always exploitation. In the speech com munication of the Trafficking Protocol, article 3 exploitation shall include, at a mini mummy, the exploitation of the harlotry of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, thralldom or dos similar to sla genuinely, servitude or the removal of organs.To ascertain whether a particular circumstance constitutes trafficking in persons, consider the definition of trafficking in the Trafficking in Persons Protocol and the constituent elements of the offense, as defined by relevant domestic legislation. How Is Human Trafficking Different From Migrant import? Consent migrant smuggle, while practically undertaken in dangerous or degrading conditions, involves consent. Trafficking victims, on the other hand, have either never consented or if they initially consented, that consent has been rendered meaningless by the coercive, deceptive or abusive action of the traffickers. Exploitation migrant import ends with the migrants arrival at their destination, w hereas trafficking involves the ongoing exploitation of the victim. Transnationality smuggling is always transnational, whereas trafficking whitethorn not be. Trafficking can occur regardless of whether victims are taken to another state or moved within a states b identifys. Source of winnings in smuggling cases profits are derived from the transportation of facilitation of the illegal entry or stay of a person into another county, while in trafficking cases profits are derived from exploitation.The preeminences between smuggling and trafficking are much really subtle and sometimes they overlap. Identifying whether a case is one of human trafficking or migrant smuggling and related crimes can be very punishing for a number of reasons Some trafficked persons might start their journey by agreeing to be disastrous into a country illegally, but find themselves deceived, coerced or forced into an exploitative situation later in the process (by e. g. being forced to work for ext raordinary low wages to pay for the transportation). Traffickers may present an opportunity that sounds more like smuggling to potential victims.They could be asked to pay a fee in everydayality with other people who are export. However, the intention of the trafficker from the outset is the exploitation of the victim. The fee was part of the fraud and deception and a way to make a bit more money. Smuggling may be the planned intention at the outset but a too good to miss opportunity to traffic people presents itself to the smugglers/traffickers at some point in the process. Criminals may both(prenominal) smuggle and traffic people, employing the same routes and methods of transporting them.The relationship between these two crimes is often oversimplified and mistacit both are allowed to prosper and opportunities to combat both are missed. It is important to understand that the work of migrant smugglers often results in benefit for human traffickers. pitch-dark migrants may be victimized by traffickers and have no tackle that those who smuggle them are not in fact traffickers. In piffling, smuggled migrants are particularly vulnerable to being trafficked combating trafficking in persons requires that migrant smuggling be addressed as a priority.What Is The Role Of Transnational nonionised Crime Groups In Human Trafficking? Trafficking is almost always a form of organized crime and should be dealt with using criminal motives to investigate and arraign offenders for trafficking and any other criminal activities in which they engage. Trafficked persons should also be waitn as victims of crime. Support and protection of victims is a humanitarian objective and an important means of ensuring that victims are allowing and able to assist in criminal cases. As with other forms of organized crime, trafficking has globalized.Groups formerly active in specific routes or regions have expanded the geographical scope of their activities to explore new markets. S ome have merged or formed cooperative relationships, expanding their geographical reach and range of criminal activities. Trafficking victims have become another commodity in a larger realm of criminal commerce involving other commodities, such as narcotic drugs and firearms or weapons and money laundering that generates illicit revenues or seeks to reduce risks for traffickers.The relatively low risks of trafficking and substantial potential profits have, in some cases, induced criminals to become involved as an alternative to other, riskier criminal pursuits. With the adoption of the Protocol to Prevent, stamp down and revenge Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the UN ruler against Transnational Organized Crime in November 2000, countries have begun to develop the necessary criminal offences and enforcement powers to investigate, prosecute and punish traffickers and to confiscate their profits, but expertise and resources will be bringed to m ake the new measures fully effective.Risks are come along reduced by the extent to which victims are intimidated by traffickers, both in destination countries, where they fear deportation or prosecution for offences such as harlotry or illegal immigration, and in their countries of origin, where they are often vulnerable to retaliation or re-victimization if they cooperate with criminal justice authorities. The choke off and protection of victims is a critical element in the fight against trafficking to increase their willingness to cooperate with authorities and as a necessary means of rehabilitation. Is There A Legal Instrument To Tackle Human Trafficking?The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, was adopted by the fall in Nations full general Assembly in 2000 and entered into force on 25 December 2003. The Trafficking Protocol, which supplements the get together Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crim e, is the but international legal legal instrument addressing human trafficking as a crime and falls under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). 1) The purposes of the Trafficking Protocol are 2) To save and combat trafficking in persons 3) To protect and assist victims of trafficking, and ) To promote cooperation among kingdoms Parties in order to meet these objectives. The Trafficking Protocol advances international law by providing, for the freshman time, a working definition of trafficking in persons and requires ratifying States to criminalize such applys. What Are The major(ip) Challenges Faced In The Battle Against Human Trafficking? A number of points can be made It is important that every effort is undertaken to establish the sombreness of the problem and tackle the discern from the source to destination. What numbers are on hand(predicate) show the problem has not abated and is not likely to.One of the challenges relates to t he gathering of straight information in order that a true picture of the phenomenon can be gauged. In this respect, some progress has been made but more need to be done. From UNODCs work across the criminal justice sector, we are fully aware that human trafficking is often only one bodily function of extensive and highly sophisticated international crime networks. We need to watch that, despite the many conflicting priorities faced by member states that the issue of countering human trafficking is clearly given a high priority and tenseness by the international community. We need to consider the type of action that can be taken to raise awareness of the problem and take travel to prevent trafficking at source (reference to UNODC public service announcements). A major challenge is to ensure that action is taken to ratify and effectively work through the Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children. Improving international cooperation and coordination, particularly in relation to developing information exchange and operational cooperation between law enforcement agencies needs to be strengthened. There is a need to take a more holistic and partnership approach to tackling the problem. In this respect, UNODC fully recognizes the importance of mobilizing the nourish of NGOs, IGOs, governments and the community at large. Moral Issues 1. A human trafficking victim was bring through after of the tedious and mazy years of being slaved after his mother sold him for money. He was interviewed by the UNODC Country officer of Columbia. When youre a kid, its easy to be deceived.Each Sunday when I walked down from the town, where my mum had a occupation, they would urge me to go with them, telling me that I would have a really good time, that it was better to go with them than to keep on working. On my 12th birthday, they came back for me. My mum was away at work, so I took the chance and escaped with them Five months later I regretted being there, but there was no chance of sledding. Besides, they told my mum that I was dead, that they had already killed me just like happened to my cousin who went with the military, and when she tried to escape, they caught her, sent her to the war council, and executed her.I had been on the 40th figurehead for two months when I got wounded. It was very hard. I was in the middle of a combat situation, and I had to assemble a die to throw at the army, but I grabbed it with the wrong hand. The soldiers were burning me shooting too close and I changed the bomb from one hand to another, and it exploded and blew my leg off In that moment I snarl blood coming out of me, very fast, and I screamed when I aphorism it. I was legless. I screamed again, and then a guy grabbed me, but I fainted We surrendered on 20 July.We were very afraid because they warned us that the only thing we couldnt do was to let ourselves get caught alive, or surrender to the military, because the first thing they would do to women was raping and torturing us, penetrate us with a wooden stick and then kill us Now my dream is that they help me to get back my leg, so I can walk again. After that Id like to go to high school and then to the nursery school Id like that. Ximena, trafficking victim 2. Luana and Marcela are trafficking victims rescued by Brazilian NGO from a discursive life , they experienced being trapped by criminals and forced to prostitutions..Luana A friend of mine told me that a Spanish group was hiring Brazilian girls to work as dancers on the island of Lanzarote. My friend Marcela and I vista it was a good opportunity to earn money. We didn? t want to continue working as maids. For a short while we only danced. But later they told us there had been too many expenses. And we would have to make some extra money. Marcela We were trapped by criminals and forced into prostitution in order to pay debts for the trip. We had up to 15 knobs per night. The use of condoms was the client? s decision, not ours.The criminals kept our passports and had an armed man in front of the disco to make sure we never escaped. But a woman helped us. We went to the police and told everything. Luana and Marcela, trafficking victims, interviewed by the Brazilian NGO Projeto Trama maria Feranda is a victim of human trafficking in Colombia. At that moment, my nightmare began. I was terrified when they showed me what I was expected to doI felt I just couldnt do it. Ive been through many things, but never something like that, so I told them that I wasntgoing to and that I was going back bag.I was blow out of the water when they told me that wasnt possiblethey said they had invested a lot of money in me, and I hadto work to pay them back, because I now belonged to the network. I thought about escaping, but I was afraid of being physically sustain or killed. I worked hard for six m onths, but they have no mercy on you theyre just chagrin. During this time, I was sold many times, and this happened every 10 dayssometimes I just didnt know where I was. Youre like a commodity to them. Maria Fernanda, Trafficking victim, interviewed by theUNODC Country Office in Colombia Conclusions Trafficking admits women, children and men basic license. Trafficking robs communities of potential productive members of society, and exposes victims to violence, injury, disease and death. Trafficking is a detriment to public health, both sparingally and in the potential for widespread health issues. The work of cutting off demand for human trafficking is complex and requires a range of partners working in concert around a shared rejection of products and services obtained by force, fraud, or coercion.While technology and social media is being leveraged in innovative ways to provide consumers with information and a way to connect with companies, for example, there remains a need to explore new methods of raising awareness about the nature and proximity of human trafficking. With greater understanding of the crime, and a clear tool or means to make a difference, consumers and businesses alike will be more likely to take steps to diminish the demand for forced labor. PROSTITUTIONS prostitutions What is Prostitution? Prostitutionis commonly defined as the custom of having sexual relations in exchange for economic gain.Although the sex is traditionally traded for money, it can also be bartered for jewelry, clothing, vehicles, housing, foodanything that hasmarket value. It is typically seen as an aberrant way to make a lifetime and is illegal in many countries. The news showprostitutioncan also refer to any act that is considered demeaning or shameful. The term prostitute is customarily used to refer to a female person who engages in sex in exchange for money as a profession. Depending on the culture, the attitude toward the job, and the socio-economic regi on in which the business ofprostitutionis conducted, other terminology is often used.These monikers often include streetwalker, sex role player, hooker, escort, sex trade worker and commercial sex worker. Male prostitutes are mostly considered less prevalent in the occupation. They are typically referred to as escorts or gigolos if their clientele is female. If they specialize in providing their services to men, rent son or hustler are terms ofttimes used to reap them? Similar to most occupations, a prostitute may have an employer or work as an independent contractor. Men who market and sellprostitutionservices are usually referred to as pimps.Women with the same job explanation are commonly called madams. Both normally take a circumstances of the prostitutes income as payment for their promotional services. Prostitutes who work separately have the advantage of keeping all of their earnings. The presumed advantage of having representatives such as pimps and madams involved in the process are safety. These agents are generally expected to screen prospective clients to ensure the safety and security of their staff. Pimps, however, are frequently portrayed to be less than forthcoming with the agreed upon pay for prostitutes who work for them.In a significant number of cases, pimps have been known to physically and psychologically abuse their employees. Madams are less known for abuse, but are often charge of mishandling the funds of call girls in their employ. Depending upon the country and the culture,prostitutionmay be considered a legal or illegal profession. In areas where it is lawful, there are commonly rules imposed by governments to ensure local prostitutes practice safe sex in their business activities to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).The workers are also generally required to have fixture physical exams to ensure they are healthy and pose no threat to their customers well-being. In regions whereprostitutionis deemed a crime, the punishment ranges from simple fines or short stints in jail to death. Some jurisdictions recognize the business transaction of prostitutionas legal, but make it difficult to lawfully practice by imposing restrictions on how and where it can be conducted. These controls commonly include the banning of pimping, running a brothel and publicly offeringprostitutionservices. pic pic What does the word of honor say about prostitution? Will deity forgive a prostitute? Prostitution is often referred to as the oldest profession. Indeed, it has always been a common way for women to make money, even in Bible times. The Bible tells us that prostitution is immoral. Proverbs 2327-28says, For a prostitute is a deep pit and a wayward wife is a narrow well. Like a bandit she lies in wait, and multiplies the un true among men. God forbids involvement with prostitutes because He knows such involvement is detrimental to both men and women. For the lips of an immoral woman knock off ho ney, And her mouth is smoother than oil But in the end she is acidulent as wormwood, Sharp as a two-edged sword. Her feet go down to death, Her steps lay hold of hell (Proverbs 53-5 NKJV). Prostitution not only destroys marriages, families, and lives, but it destroys the spirit and soul in a way that leads to physical and spiritual death. Gods desire is that we stay pure and use our bodies as tools for His use and glory (Romans 613). First Corinthians 613says, The body is not for sexual immorality but for the Lord, and the Lord for the body. Although prostitution is sinful, prostitutes are not beyond Gods scope of forgiveness. The Bible records His use of a prostitute named Rahab to further the fulfillment of His plan. As a result of her obedience, she and her family were rewarded and blessed (Joshua 21617-25). In the in the raw Testament, a woman who had been known for being a sexual sinnerbefore deliveryman forgave and cleansed her from sinfound an opportunity to serve Jesus w hile He was visiting in the inhabitancy of a Pharisee. The woman, recognizing Christ for who He is, brought a bottle of expensive fragrance to Him.In regret and abyeance, the woman wept and poured perfume on His feet, wiping it with her hair. When the Pharisees criticized Jesus for accepting this act of love from the immoral woman, He admonished them and accepted the womans worship. Because of her faith, Christ had forgiven all her sins, and she was stock into His landed estate (Luke 736-50). When speaking to those who refused to believe the truth about Himself, Jesus Christ said, I tell you the truth, the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering the kingdom of God ahead of you.For John came to you to show you the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did. And even after you saw this, you did not repent and believe him (Matthew 2131-32). Just like anyone else, prostitutes have the opportunity to draw salvation and ete rnal life from God, to be cleansed of all their unrighteousness and be given a brand new life All they must do is turn away from their sinful lifestyle and turn to the living God, whose grace and mercy are stick outless. Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation the old has gone, the new has come (2 Corinthians 517). Moral Issues There was a lot of hue and cry about the statement of US Ambassador Harry Thomas at a youthful juridic conference on human trafficking that 40 percent of foreign male tourists visit the Philippine for commercial sex. At first the ambassador refused to change his statement when asked by Philippine formals to apologize for it, but on Oct. 7 he relented and said he should not have used the 40 percent statistic without the ability to back it up.But his statement has once again pore attention on the problem of sex trafficking and the sex trade in the Philippines. The fact is that the problem exists although right now we may not have accurate, verifiable statistics. Conclusion Prostitution is always going to be a pressing issue, and politicians will always have different opinions about it. Politicians are the ones who decide how their country stands in different questions, and that might cause misunderstandings. The laws and official opinions of a country do not always agree with the universes point of view.An example of that is Germany. The facts and the survey do not agree, and the facts are based on politicians, while the survey is based on unshakable people from Germany. That gave me an practise to my question. The question was Why do Germany and Sweden have such different views on prostitution? And the answer simply is Germany is not more liberal than Sweden concerning prostitution. They are more liberal concerning strict laws, and that is because of their history that they do not want to experience again. That also affected the politicians and their way of handleing their inhabitants.What is right and what is wron g is something you have to decide with your own moral and opinion. How society should hands prostitution is one of the issues Ive been highly inconsistent on, flip-flopping between having knock-down(prenominal) opinions either way, to more ambivalent positions in the middle. A super-short summary of my process (chronologically) over the last two decades 1. It should be illegal because it is wrong to exploit people 2. It should be legal because the prohibition actually hurt the prostitutes 3.It should be illegal to consume, but not provide, since that would give the prostitute more power and enable persecution of the exploiters 4. It should be legal because regulation is more effective in minimizing harm, and at least spending may be ethically invulnerable 5. It should be illegal because even though regulation helps some, it also increases the relentless market and causes more suffering as a whole, and is an expression of a structural oppression of women and homosexual men in our society. SLAVERY OF smock PEOPLE SLAVERY OF WHITE PEOPLEIn the history of mankind, slaveholding has been very common. slavery can trace its history back in the ancient times. In the ancient times, slaves were sold to the highest bidder and they were assiduous without any compensation. Punishments were so savage for those slaves who went against their masters demands. all over the centuries, slavery has been very prominent. There was a time in history were Black Africans and Black Americans became domestic slaves at home. However, they were able to achieve their freedom against slavery. Nowadays, slavery is still commonly practiced in some countries.It is not completely abolished but it is less identifiable. It exists in many cultures. So, what is slavery? What is thrall? Slavery is a condition in which people are forced to work and treated like the lowest form of creature. There are different types of slavery. You have the chattel slavery. This is the most traditional type of slavery in which people are treated like property. Slaves are sold and bought like goods. However, in this modern age, this type of slavery is the least common. other type of slavery is forced labor.This type of slavery is very common in the past and even up to these days. An individual is left with no choice but to work against his will. This type of slavery used punishments and violence against any slaves. Slavery of white People David Brion Davis writing in the brand-new York Review of Books, Oct. 11, 1990, p. 37 states As late as the fourteenth and 15th centuries, continuing shipments of white slaves, some of them Christians, flowed from the booming slave markets on the Federal Black Sea coast into Italy, Spain, Egypt and the Mediterranean islandsFrom Barbados to Virginia, colonists.. , showed few scruples about reducing their less fortunate countrymen to a status little different from that of chattel slaves The prevalence and suffering of white slaves, serfs and indentured servants in the early modern period suggests that there was cipher inevitable about passing plantation slavery to people of African origin. L. Ruchames in The Sources of Racial aspect in compound America, states that the slave trade worked in both directions, with white merchandise as well as filthy. (Journal of Negro History, no. 52, pp. 251-273).In 1659 the slope parliament debated the practice of selling British colours into slavery in the New World. In the debate the clean-livings were referred to not as indentured servants but as slaves whose enslavement threatened the liberties of all slopemen. (Thomas Burton, Parliamentary Diary 1656-59, vol. 4, pp. 253-274). Foster R. change in Labor in America quotes an early document describing unobjectionable children in compound servitude as crying and mourning for redemption from their slavery. Dr. Hilary McD. Beckles of the University of Hull, England, writes regarding fresh slave labor, ndenture contracts were alienable the ownership of which could easily be transferred, like that of any other commodity as with slaves, ownership changed without their participation in the talks concerning transfer. Beckles refers to indentured servitude as albumin proto-slavery (The Americas, vol. 41, no. 2, p. 21). In the Calendar of State Papers, colonial Series America and West Indies of 1701, we read of a dissent over the encouragement to the spiriting away of Englishmen without their consent and selling them for slaves, which hath been a practice very frequent and known by the name of kidnapping. (Emphasis added). In the British West Indies, plantation slavery was instituted as early as 1627. In Barbados by the 1640s there were an estimated 25,000 slaves, of whom 21,700 were tweed. (Some Observations on the Island of Barbados, Calendar of State Papers, Colonial Series, p. 528). It is worth noting that while White slaves were worked to death in Barbados, there were Carib-bean Indians brought from Guiana to help propagate native foodstuffs who were well-treated and re-ceived as free persons by the wealthy planters.Of the fact that the wealth of Barbados was founded on the backs of White slave labor there can be no doubt. White slave laborers from Britain and Ireland were the mainstay of the sugar addiction. Until the mid-1640s there were few Blacks in Barbados. George Downing wrote to John Winthrop, the co-lonial governor of Massachusetts in 1645, that planters who treasured to make a fortune in the British West Indies must procure White slave labor out of England if they wanted to succeed. (Elizabeth Donnan, Documents Illustrative of the History of the Slave Trade to America, pp. 25-126). white indentured servants were employed and treated, incidentally, exactly like slaves (Morley Ayearst, The British West Indies, p. 19). The many gradations of unfreedom among Whites made it difficult to draw fast lines between any idealized free White worker and a pitied or scorned servile Blac k worker in labor-short seventeenth and eighteenth-century America the work of slaves and that of White servants were virtually inter-changeable in most areas. (David R. Roediger, The Wages of Whiteness Race and the Making of the American operative Class, p. 5). In the Massachusetts Court of Assistants, whose records date to 1633, we find a 1638 translation of a White man, one Gyles Player, as having been delivered up for a slave. The Englishman William Eddis, after observing White slaves in America in the 1770s wrote, Gener-ally speaking, they groan below a worse than Egyptian manacles (Letters from America, London, 1792). Governor Sharpe of the Maryland colony compared the property interest of the planters in their White slaves, with the estate of an English husbandman consisting of a Multitude of Cattle. The Quock Walker case in Massachusetts in 1 783 which ruled that slavery was contrary to the state Constitution, was applied as to Blacks and Whites in Massachusetts. Pat rick F. Moran in his Historical Sketch of the Persecutions Suffered by the Catholics of Ireland, re-fers to the transportation of the Irish to the colonies as the slave-trade (pp. 343-346). The disciplinary and revenue laws of early Virginia (circa 1631-1645) did not discriminate Negroes in bondage from Whites in bondage. (William Hening editor, Statutes at Large of Virginia, vol. I, pp. 74, 198, 200, 243, 306. For records of wills in which drop offs, goods & chattels, cattle, moneys, ne-groes, English servants, horses, sheep and habitation stuff were all sold together see the Lancaster County Records in Virginia Colonial Abstracts, Beverly Fleet, editor). Lay historian Col. A. B. Ellis, writing in the British newspaper Argosy (May 6, 1893) Few, but read-ers of old colonial State papers and records, are aware that between the years 1649-1690 a lively trade was carried on between England and the plantations, as the colonies were then called, in politi-cal prisoners here they were s old by auction to the colonists for various terms of years, sometimes for life as slaves. Sir George Sandys 1618 plan for Virginia referred to bound Whites depute to the treasurers of-fice to belong to said office for ever. The service of Whites bound to Berkeleys Hundred was deemed perpetual. (Lewis Cecil Gray, History of Agriculture in the Southern United States to 1860, vol. I, pp. 316, 318). Certainly the enslaved Whites themselves recognized their condition with painful clarity.As one White man, named Abram, who was accused of trying to agitate a rebellion stated to his fellows, Wherefore should wee stay here and be slaves? In a statement smuggled out of the New World and published in London, Whites in bondage did not call themselves indentured servants. In their writing they referred to themselves as Englands slaves and Englands merchandise. (Marcellus Rivers and Oxenbridge Foyle, Englands Slavery, 1659).Eyewitnesses like Pere Labat who visited the West Indian slave pla ntations of the seventeenth century which were built and manned by White slaves labeled them White slaves and nothing less (Memoirs of Pere Labat, 1693-1705, p. 125). Even Blacks referred to the White forced laborers in the colonies as white slaves. (Colonial Office, Public Records Office, London, 1667, no. 170) Sot-Weed Factor, or, a Voyage to Maryland, a piece of land circulated in 1708, articulates the plight of tens of thousands of pathetic young White girls kidnapped from England and enslaved in colonial America, lamenting thatIn better Times eer to this Land I was unhappily Trepand Not then a slave But things are changed Kidnapd and Foold The height of academic and media fraud is revealed in the monopolistic trademark status the official controllers of education and mass communications have successfully established between the defini-tion of the word slave and the negro, while labeling descriptions of the historic experience of Whites in slavery a fallacy. Yet the very word slave, which the establishments consensus school of history pretends cannot legitimately be applied to Whites, is derived from the word Slav.According to the Ox-ford English Dictionary, the word slave is another name for the White people of eastern Europe, the Slavs. (Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary, p. 2,858). In other words, slave has always been a term for and a definition of a servile condition of White people. Yet we are told by the professorcrats that it is not correct to refer to Whites as slaves but only as servants, even though the very rout of the word is derived from the historical fact of White slav-ery. ConclusionSlavery is not something to be rarefied of but it is a fact that happened to every country, kingdom and empire that has been on this earth. Each of us needs to search our hearts and find the answer to stop racial hatred. One place to begin realize that the black race was not the only race in the last cd years that was in bondage. PORNOGRAP HY smut fungus What is soot? Pornography is the intelligible representation of sexual activity in print or on film to stimulate erotic rather than aesthetic or aroused qualityings. The following advice and help refers only to heterosexual smut fungus that is men sounding at women and, more rarely, women looking at men. Pornography is often severalize fromerotica, which consists of the portrayal of sexuality with high-art aspirations, focusing also on feelings and emotions, while sootography involves the depiction of acts in a sensational manner, with the whole focus on the physical act, so as to arouse quick intense reactions.A distinction is also made betweenhardcoreandsoftcore obscenity. Softcore lampblack can generally be described as focusing on nude mildew and suggestive, but not explicit, simulations of sexual intercourse, whereas hardcore crock explicitly showcases keen intercourse. Pornography has often been subject tocensorshipand legal restraints to public ation on grounds ofobscenity. Such grounds and even the definition of pornography have differed in various historical, cultural, and national contexts.With the emergence of social attitudes more spacious of sexuality and more specific legal definitions of obscenity, an industry for theproductionand consumptionof pornography arose in the latter half of the 20th century. The introduction ofhome videoand theInternetsaw booms in a worldwide porn industry that generates billions of dollars annually. History Depictions of a sexual nature are cured than civilization as depictions such as thevenus figurinesandrock arthave existed sinceprehistorictimes. However the concept of pornography as understood today did not exist until theVictorian era.For example the FrenchImpressionism image byEdouard Manettitled Olympiawas a nude picture of a French courtesan, literally a prostitute picture. It was controversial at the time. Nineteenth-century legislation eventually outlawed the publication, ret ail, and trafficking of certain writings and images regarded as adult and would order the destruction of shop and warehouse stock meant for trade however, the sequestered possession of and viewing of (some forms of) pornography was not made an offence until recent times.When large-scale excavations ofPompeiiwere undertaken in the 1860s, much of theerotic artof theRomanscame to light, shocking the Victorians who saw themselves as the intellectual heirs of theRoman Empire. They did not know what to do with the frump depictions ofsexualityand endeavored to hide them away from everyone but upper-class scholars. The moveable objects were locked away in theSecret MuseuminNaplesand what could not be removed was cover and cordoned off as to not corrupt the sensibilities of women, children, and the working classes.Fanny Hill(1748) is considered the first original Englishprosepornography, and the first pornography to use the form of the novel. It is aneroticnovelbyJohn Clelandfirst publi shed inEnglandasMemoirs of a charwoman of Pleasure. It is one of the most prosecuted and banned books in history. The authors were supercharged with corrupting the Kings subjects. The worlds first law criminalizing pornography was the BritishObscene Publications Act 1857enacted at the prodding of theSociety for the Suppression of Vice.The Act, which applied to theUnited Kingdom and Ireland, made the sale of lustful material a statutory offence, giving the courts power to adopt and destroy offending material. The Act did not apply toScotland, where thecommon lawcontinued to apply however, the Act did not define obscene, leaving this for the courts to determine. Prior to this Act, the publication of obscene material was treated as alaw misdemeanor and effectively prosecuting authors and publishers was difficult even in cases where the material was clearly intended as pornography.The Victorian attitude that pornography was for a select few can be seen in the wording of theHicklin teststemming from a court case in 1868 where it asks, whether the tendency of the matter charged as obscenity is to deprave and corrupt those whose minds are receptive to such immoral influences. Despite the fact of their suppression, depictions of erotic imagery were common throughout history. Pornographic filmproduction commenced almost immediately after the founding of the motion picture in 1895. Two of the early pioneers wereEugene PirouandAlbert Kirchner.Kirchner directed the earliest surviving pornographic film for Pirou under the trade name Lear. The 1896 film,Le Coucher de la Marieeshowed Louise Willy performing astriptease. Pirous film inspired a genre of risque French films showing women disrobing and other filmmakers realised profits could be made from such films. Sexually explicit films were soon characterised as obscene and rendered illegal. Those that were made were produced underground by amateurs starting in the 1920s, primarily in France and the United States. Processing the film by commercial means was equivocal as was their distribution.Distribution was strictly private. Denmarkwas the first country to legalize pornography in 1969, which led to an explosion of commercially produced pornography. It continued to be banned in other countries, and had to be smuggled in, where it was sold under the counter or (sometimes) shown in members only cinema clubs. A Biblical View of Pornography God created men and women to be together exclusively and happily. God created sex as a good gift in the security of a loving, committed marriage relationship. He saw all that he had made, and it was very good. Sadly in the fallen world, pornography sends clear messages, generally to men, that faithful sexual attention to one woman is not necessary. There are many other women to look at why only be satisfied with one? We can go to an art gallery and see a beautiful woman in a picture and prise her beauty. But that is not the message of pornography. Pornogr aphy seeks to stimulate sexual attractor to the image of a woman any woman, saying, This beautiful woman, whom you know nothing about, is there for you to satisfy your sexual desires whatever they might be at any time. Pornography uses the strong visual senses of men to promote lust, but promises the unreal, promoting false expectations of relationships and ignoring the realities of daily living for most men and women the shopping, washing, ironing, and crying children. By ignoring the womans character and instead focusing on her body, pornography exploits and dehumanises sex so that human beings are treated as things, and women, in particular as sex objects .Of course, pornography is packaged cleverly as glamorous, but in the cold light of day the Bible warns strongly about looking at other women (Proverbs 625, Matthew 528, Colossians 35) and being faithful in marriage (Hebrews 134). There are those who would see the Bibles strong warnings on sexual whiteness as God being a k illjoy. We need to remember that it was God who created the universe He knows how it works and that what we see and think about is important. The warnings are given for a reason the destructiveness of pornography on children and on human relationships.CARE regularly receives telephone calls and emails from people who themselves have a problem with pornography or are seeing it in their family. Some would say pornography is harmless fun. How would they respond to a woman crying on the phone convinced that her husbands use of pornography had led to the breakdown of their marriage? Or to another woman who said that she felt mentally abused by her husband who used pornography and wanted her to act in the same way as the women in the magazines, DVDs and videos? Pornography can seem far from harmless fun for the men (Christian and non-Christian) who feel trapped in a cycle of addiction.If anyone is a killjoy it is not the God of the Bible, but the publishers of pornography. The Issue of Po rnography With more than 300,000 websites pertaining to pornography and new sites uploaded daily, any parent can see that we have a growing problem. The Internet is the cheapest, fastest way to get pornography out into an open market that is why it is considered the electronic playground. Before the Internet pornography was found in magazines behind the store counters, on movie channels, and was found in movies. Take a look at your favorite television show and see how many times a sexual situation comes up.The sexual revolution as some call it has taken off with the Internet. For example, try typing in www. whitehouse. com and see what pops up definitely not the White House. Students working on a history paper in school recently went to this site and found pornography instead of history. What a wonder for the students. This happens to more people than we think. If you accidentally click on a porn site several other pornographic sites also show up. In some cases these pornographic s ites contain computer viruses which will attack your hard drive.At times, legislation drafted under the guise of protecting children, includes adults which infringes on freedom of speech. In addition to infringing on a legal adults rights, it also impedes the on the economic gains related to the industry. Thus, commercialism and the economy are impacted as well. With the blast of new pornographic websites, most sites are beginning to charge their consumers. Not only does this lead to economic gain within the industry, but it also assists in minimizing the access of children to questionable material.Conclusion Virtually every man will struggle with pornography. Regardless of how hard we may want otherwise we are visual creatures by nature and with easy accessibility to porn its a battle that will keep men in the trenches their entire lives. And if we hope to end this cycle of addiction and sexual impurity not only must we heal ourselves it is up to us to raise the near generation o f men to view sex, women, and pornography differently that what society says today. And my own son is a foremost constant reminder of that obligation.