Hydrochloric acid Essay Example for Free

Hydrochloric acid EssayIn this investigation I am going to recognize how temperature affects the prise of reception. To do this I lead change the temperature at which a reaction between sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid is conducted. Here is a chemical equation for this reaction Hydrochloric acid + atomic number 11 Thiosulphatei Sodium chloride + sulfur dioxide + sulphur + water. 2HCl(aq) + Na2S2O3(aq) i 2NaCl(aq) + SO2(g) + S(s) + H2O(l). The precipitate of sulphur is what ca subroutines the solution to go cloudy. I pass on mix the reactants in a flask and then place the flask on a piece of paper with a vague X drawn on it.I entrust date how long it takes for the X to vaporise totally. This is how I impart measure the rate of the reaction. I plan to take twelve readings, using twelve different temperatures. The range I go forth use will between 10 and 50 degrees. This is because under 10i and the reaction takes too long and over 50i the reaction is too qui ck and so reaction time plays a major part in the result and the percentage error will be greater. To make out the investigation my dependant variable will be the temperature of the reactants as this is the one I will change.My independent variable will be the time taken for the X to disappear and this is the one I will measure. There are many other variables that will affect the reaction and on that pointfore I will have to keep these variables unceasing to ensure a fair test and therefore certain results. Firstly I will have to make sure the peck of the flask is kept constant as if the volume increases, the solution will be shallower and so the X will disappear to a greater extent slowly. Also I will have to keep the volume of the solution the same as if there is a larger volume of solution the X will disappear much quickly.The concentrations of the two reactants will also have to be kept constant. This is because if the concentration of a solution is increased, then there are more(prenominal) particles in the same volume of the solution and therefore there will be more collisions between particles and the rate of reaction will increase. I predict that as the temperature of the reaction increases, the rate of reaction will increase and therefore the X will disappear more quickly. I think this because, as you increase the temperature, the particles have more energy. This makes them move faster.Therefore more collisions occur between the particles and so the rate of reaction increases. Also, since the particles have more energy when they collide, the activation energy (minimum energy needed for particles to react when they collide) is more likely to be reached and therefore the particles are more likely to react when they collide. This also increases the rate of reaction. (see draw below). I predict that the 10i C rule will apply to this reaction. This is the theory that, if you decrease the temperature of the reaction by 10iC the rate of reaction wil l approximately half. Therefore the time for the X to disappear will double. If this theory is true, this is the table of results and graph I expect to get. Temperature Time Rate 50i C 10s 0. 1 40i C 20s 0. 05 30i C 40s 0. 025 20i C 80s 0. 0125 10i C 160s 0. 00625 To investigate this theory I will plan to collect unquestionable evidence safely. I will make sure the experiment is safe by wearing asylum glasses and wiping up any spillages of solutions. I will make the experiment fair by retentiveness the control variables mentioned before, the same.To keep the size of flask the same I will make sure I use the same flask for each reading, washing it out after every experiment. I will keep the concentrations of the reactants the same by using the same source of the solutions. I will keep the volume of solution the same by using the smallest measuring cylinder possible and making sure I avoid parallax error while measuring the solutions out. I will make sure to use 50cmi of Sodium Thi osulphate and 5cmi of Hydrochloric acid for all my tests. I will use 0. 1M Sodium Thiosulphate and 0. 5M Hydrochloric acid.I will also use two different thermometers to measure the temperature of the two different solutions. I will use a 100ml cone-shaped flask for the entire experiment. Here is an apparatus diagram of what I will use This is how I will carry out the experiment Firstly I will measure out 50cmi of Sodium Thiosulphate in one measuring cylinder, and 5cmi of Hydrochloric acid in the other. I will then draw a black X on a piece of paper, making sure it is smaller then the bottom of the flask I will place the Sodium Thiosulphate in the flask and the Hydrochloric acid in a simmering tube.